Surrogacy (Gestational Carrier)
Gestational Carrier Fertility in Michigan
A gestational carrier (GC) is a woman who carries and delivers a child for another individual or couple. Unlike a traditional surrogate, a gestational carrier has no genetic connection to the baby.
The embryo is created using eggs from the intended parent or a donor and transferred to the GC’s uterus. This option allows those facing significant reproductive challenges to pursue having a biological child.
Why Might a Gestational Carrier Be Recommended?
A fertility specialist may recommend a gestational carrier for several medical reasons, including:
- Absence of a Uterus: Due to hysterectomy or congenital conditions.
- Uterine Abnormalities: Such as severe fibroids, uterine scarring, or Asherman’s syndrome.
- Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: Multiple, unexplained miscarriages may lead to recommending a GC.
- High-Risk Obstetric History: Prior second-trimester losses or multiple premature births may make pregnancy unsafe.
- Severe Medical Conditions: Health risks such as cardiovascular disease, renal disorders, or severe diabetes may make carrying a pregnancy dangerous.
Michigan’s Legal Status: Effective 2025
A gestational carrier (GC) is a woman who carries and delivers a child for another individual or couple. Unlike a surrogate, a gestational carrier has no genetic ties to the baby, as the embryo implanted in her womb originates from either the intended parents or from a donor. This option allows couples or individuals facing medical or reproductive challenges to achieve their dream of having a biological chiLegal status in Michigan (effective 2025)
Michigan’s Assisted Reproduction and Surrogacy Parentage Act makes surrogacy agreements legal and enforceable. It repeals the state’s prior ban and allows intended parents and surrogates to enter agreements that can include compensation, provided statutory safeguards are met.
— Effective date: April 2, 2025 (signed April 1, 2024). Courts may issue pre‑ or post‑birth parentage judgments.
Legal note: RMA of Michigan coordinates medical care and works with your selected agency/attorneys. This information is educational and not legal advice.
The Gestational Carrier Process: Step-by-Step
1
Medical and Psychological Screening
Both the intended parents and the potential gestational carrier undergo comprehensive medical evaluations to ensure optimal health. Psychological counseling is also provided to prepare all parties emotionally and mentally for the journey.
2
Preparation of the Eggs (Ovum)
To enhance success rates, IUI is aligned with natural or induced ovulation using medications like Clomiphene Citrate or Gonadotropins to stimulate egg production. The process is closely monitored with ultrasound and blood tests to time insemination optimally.
3
Egg Retrieval and Fertilization
- Once the eggs mature, they are retrieved from the ovaries through a minimally invasive procedure.
- The eggs are then fertilized with sperm from the intended father or a sperm donor in a laboratory to create embryos. The embryos are carefully monitored for development.
4
Embryo Transfer to the Gestational Carrier
- The embryos are transferred to the gestational carrier’s uterus. The transfer typically occurs 3 to 5 days after the eggs are retrieved and fertilized.
- During the transfer, the intended parents may be present with the gestational carrier’s consent. This moment marks a crucial step toward the initiation of pregnancy.
5
Hormonal Support for Pregnancy
After the transfer, the gestational carrier will self-administer hormone injections, such as progesterone, to support the uterine lining and assist in the establishment and maintenance of the pregnancy. Hormone therapy is crucial in the initial weeks to ensure a stable and nurturing environment for the developing embryo.
6
Pregnancy Monitoring and Follow-Up
- If the embryo successfully implants, the gestational carrier will undergo routine blood tests and ultrasounds to monitor the progress of the pregnancy.
- The fertility clinic will supervise the carrier’s care for the first six weeks following the embryo transfer. After this period, the gestational carrier will transition to care under a specialized obstetrician.
Role of RMA of Michigan in Gestational Carrier Cycles
At RMA of Michigan, a specialized team of fertility experts coordinates and supports all aspects of the gestational carrier process. Our approach ensures that both intended parents and gestational carriers receive the highest level of personalized care and attention. If an egg donor is involved, we also manage her medical care and cycle synchronization with that of the gestational carrier.
Customized Treatment Plans
Every gestational carrier cycle is unique, with treatment plans tailored to meet the medical needs and preferences of the intended parents and the carrier. Our team provides comprehensive guidance throughout the journey, from the initial consultation to post-transfer care.
Who Can Benefit From a Gestational Carrier Program?
The option of using a gestational carrier is ideal for:
- Women Without a Functional Uterus: Whether due to congenital conditions, surgical removal, or significant scarring, the absence of a healthy uterus necessitates the use of a gestational carrier.
- Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss or Poor Obstetric Outcomes: When pregnancies fail due to unexplained losses or result in premature deliveries, a gestational carrier may be the best course for carrying a healthy pregnancy to term.
- Women Facing Medical Risks: Some medical conditions pose substantial health risks for women during pregnancy. In such cases, a gestational carrier can help mitigate these risks while still allowing the intended parents to have a genetically linked child.
What to Expect at Your Initial Visit
The initial visit with our fertility specialists is a comprehensive session where we:
- Review your medical history and discuss any fertility challenges.
- Explain the gestational carrier process in detail, addressing legal, medical, and psychological aspects.
- Assess potential gestational carriers or guide the intended parents in the carrier selection process.
- Develop a personalized timeline and treatment plan for all involved parties.